Diferencias neuropsicológicas y comportamentales en el trastorno por déficit de atención

Abstract

DSM-III divides Attention Deficit Disorder (A.D.D.) in two differents categories: Atten­tion Deficit Disorder with or without hyperac­tivity (ADD-H vs. ADD without H.) The exis­tence of these clinical categories are question­ned by many authors.

In this paper we study neuropsychological and behavioral differences between both cli­nical categories. Two samples of ADD children with hyperactivity (n= 31) and without hyper­activity (n=26) were compared. Every children were tested with Wechsler-WISC scale, MAI memory test, BENTON Visual Retention Test, QNST neurological questionnaire, EPQ-J (in­cludes Neuroticism, Psychoticism, Asocial Be­havior and Extraversion subscales) and Perso­nal Antecedents Check-List.
Results show the worst seores in the ADD­H group, obtaining statistical differences in Personal Antecedents, QNST, Neuroticism and
Asocial Behavior. Worst seores in neuropsy­chological background of ADD-H group are explained by the different degree of Nervous System affectation. Behavioral differences can be attributed at psychorreactive disorders in the ADD-H group.
These results suggest the existence of two differentiated profiles into ADD syndrome and the convenience of maintaining the two categories proposed by DSM-111.