Early onset schizophrenia in adolescence. Prognosis indicators
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WerryCll, establece un retrato "robot", respecto a la esquizofrenia del adolescente, basándose en los criterios DSM-III-R, cifrándola en una edad de comienzo entre los 16-18 años, más común en varones, con una sintomatología clínica de tipo indiferenciado, con frecuente historia psiquiátrica familiar, con una personalidad premórbida de tipo esquizotípico, que han presentado a lo largo de su desarrollo neurológico elevado número de alteraciones. El diagnóstico diferencial se plantea sobre todo en su inicio con las fases maníacas de los trastornos bipolares, siendo la respuesta a los tratamientos neurolépticos y los resultados evolutivos similares a la esquizofrenia del adulto. Las diferencias con estas últimas, son marcadas en las esquizofrenias de inicio prepuberal, pero en todo caso se trata de diferencias cuantitativas, pues desde el punto de vista cualitativo se trata de un mismo trastorno. FentonC2J señala que a estas edades tempranas se presentan las formas clínicas no paranoides, siendo más comunes las formas hebefrénicas e indeferenciadas de inicio insidioso. Mazaeva<3ldescribe el inicio precoz, antes de los 20 años en un 61 %, mientras que el progreso de la enfermedad es más evidente a lo largo de la tercera y cuarta década de la vida.
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