Is there an association between child abuse and the versatility of self-harm methods in adolescence and early adulthood?
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https://doi.org/10.31766/revpsij.v41n4a4Keywords:
Non-suicidal self-harm (NSSI), childhood maltreatment (CM), methods of NSSI, CM subtypesAbstract
Introduction: One of the specific risk factors most frequently associated with the development of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescence and early adulthood is childhood maltreatment. Objectives: First, to examine differences in the frequency and versatility (single vs. combined method) of NSSI in two groups of patients (adolescents vs. young adults). Second, to examine differences in self-reported childhood trauma experiences in two groups of patients (adolescents vs. young adults). Third, to examine differences in self-reported childhood trauma experiences in two groups of patients with NSSI according to the versatility of the self-injury method (single vs. combined method). Material and methods: 284 outpatients (86.6% women, mean age = 19.29 years, SD = 3.32) were divided into two age groups: adolescents from 12 to 18 years (n= 127; 44.7% of the total sample), and young adults aged 19-25 years (n=157; 55.3%). Results: No significant differences were found in the frequency and versatility of self-harm in the two groups of patients (adolescents vs. young people) and no differences were observed in self-reported childhood trauma experiences in the patient groups according to the versatility of the self-harm method. However, it was found that young adults reported higher scores of self-reported childhood trauma compared to adolescents. Conclusions: Future studies are needed to detect early vulnerability factors and thus improve the use of more effective psychotherapeutic interventions for the clinical management of non-suicidal self-injury.
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