Evaluación de los trastornos de conducta en preescolares: revisión de cuestionarios, escalas e inventarios
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Trastorno de conducta, evaluación psicopatológica, instrumentos de evaluación, preescolarResumen
Los trastornos de conducta en la edad preescolar constituyen un serio problema en psicología infantil. Muchas de las conductas desadaptadas observables y surgidas de manera esporádica en el transcurso del desarrollo no se consideran de riesgo desde un punto de vista psicopatológico ni social. No obstante, si éstas persisten y continúan manifestándose, pueden alterar la conducta del niño y su entorno más próximo. A pesar de la existencia de diversas técnicas de evaluación, son pocas las que miden específicamente este trastorno en niños preescolares. Debido a ello, es necesario elaborar instrumentos que diagnostiquen únicamente esta psicopatología, y que al mismo tiempo permiten hacer una identificación precoz para facilitar la prevención y el tratamiento. De la actual investigación escalas como: Daily Child Behavior Check:list (DCBC, Furey y Forehand, 1983), Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI, Eyberg, 1980), Prosocial Behaviour Questionnaire (PSBQ, Weir y Duveen, 1981) y Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavior Invetory (SESBI, Funderburk y Eyberg, 1989) cumplen la mayoría de los requisitos enumerados hasta el momento. No obstante, hace falta la adaptación de estos instrumentos para la población española; de manera que se facilite su uso, tanto en el campo de la investigación como también en el ámbito clínico.
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