Impact of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and stress in children and adolescents in Mexico

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2023-11-21

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Gutiérrez Rayas, Q., González, A. P., Mercado Villegas, M., Sosa Bustamante, G., Paque Bautista, C., & Ruiz Jaramillo, M. (2023). Impact of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and stress in children and adolescents in Mexico. Revista De Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil, 40(4), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.31766/revpsij.v40n4a3

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Vol. 40 No. 4 (2023): Octubre-Diciembre

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Orginial article

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Copyright (c) 2023 Revista de Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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Authors

  • Q.V. Gutiérrez Rayas Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad No. 48. Centro Médico Nacional del Bajío. Área de Pediatría. León, Guanajuato https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3401-7519
  • A. P. González Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad No 48. Centro Médico Nacional del Bajío. Área de neonatologia. León, Guanajuato https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9093-2105
  • M.B. Mercado Villegas Hospital Civil Dr. Antonio González Guevara. Presidente de la Federación de Pediatría del Centro Occidente de México
  • G.P. Sosa Bustamante Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad No. 48. Centro Médico Nacional del Bajío. Área de Pediatría. León, Guanajuato
  • C. Paque Bautista Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad No. 48. Centro Médico Nacional del Bajío. Área de Pediatría. León, Guanajuato
  • M. Ruiz Jaramillo Hospital General León, vicepresidente del Colegio de Pediatras del Estado de Guanajuato https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-9310

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31766/revpsij.v40n4a3

Keywords:

Kids, stress, anxiety, depression, COVID-19

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 has been perceived around the world as a major health threat, affecting people's lives by influencing everyday behavior and causing feelings of anxiety, depression and often triggering intense fear. Objective: To know the impact of confinement due to the COVID 19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and stress in children and adolescents in Mexico. Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional, prospective study was carried out in the pediatric population aged 6 to 15 years 11 months, of both sexes, attending the High Specialty Medical Unit Number 48, Gynecology-pediatrics Hospital in the period from May 2020 to May 2021, prior to vaccination against COVID-19 and with the application of the Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale (DASS 21), Youth Version (DASS-Y) questionnaire. Results: 380 children from 6 to 15 years 11 months were analyzed, with a median age of 13 years, 208 (54,74%) women and 172 (45,26%) men. According to the DASS-Y questionnaire, depression present  in 71 subjects (18,69%), anxiety in 47 (12,37%) and stress in 45 (11,87%). Respiratory symptoms in the last 14 days were a factor associated with anxiety [OR, 2,57 (95% CI, 1,38 – 4,78), p 0,002] and depression [OR, 1,90 (95% CI), 1,12 – 3,23), p 0,01]. A non-nuclear type of family was a risk factor for depression [OR, 1,69 (95% CI, 1,00 – 2,88), p 0,03]. Stress and anxiety were predictors of depression (Intercept -0,70, SE 0,12, R2 = 0,37, p <0,0001). Conclusions: This study showed the significant impact of confinement on the mental health status of children and adolescents who came for consultation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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