Assessment of impairment in children and adolescents with the Children / s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS)

Published

1999-03-31

How to Cite

Ezpeleta, L., Granero, R., & de la Osa, N. (1999). Assessment of impairment in children and adolescents with the Children / s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Revista De Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil, (1), 18–26. Retrieved from https://aepnya.eu/index.php/revistaaepnya/article/view/480

Issue

Section

Orginial article

Authors

  • L. Ezpeleta Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona
  • R. Granero Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona
  • N. de la Osa Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona

Keywords:

Impaiment, Assessment, Severity of disorders

Abstract

The objective was to determine the psychometric properties of the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS}, a measure of functional impairment, in Spanish samples. A/ter evaluating 33 7 pediatric and psychiatric children with a structured diagnostic interview, a score of impairment was assigned. The CGAS is a reliable instrument, in time and interrater, and valid, because it differentiates between subjects with and without psychopathology and between subjects with a different number of disorders. The inclusion of independent measures of impairment in psychodiagnostic assessment, in general, and in clinical and epidemiological research, in particular, is recommended.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Mash EJ, Dozois DJ. Child psychopathology. A developmental systems perspective. En: Mash EJ, Barkley RA, eds. Child psychopathology. New York: Guilford; 1996. p. 3-60.

Rutter M, Shaffer D. DSM-III, a step forward or back in terms of the classification of the child psychiatric disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1980;19:371-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-7138(09)61060-8

WHO. The International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps [On line]. Available: http:// www.who.ch/whosis/icidh.htm; 1998.

Costello EJ. Developments in child psychiatric epidemiology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1989;28:836-41. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-198911000-00004

Costello EJ, Burns BJ, Angold A, Leaf PJ. How can epidemiology improve mental health services for children and adolescents? T Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1993; 32:1106-16. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199311000-00002

Bird HR, Shaffer D, Fisher P, Gould M, Staghezza B, Chen JY, Hoven C. The Columbia Impairment Scales (CIS): Pilot findings on a measure of global impairment for children and adolescents. Int J Methods Psychiatry Res 1993;3:167-76. https://doi.org/10.1037/t06724-000

APA. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders- IV. Washington, DC: Author; 1994.

Goldman HH, Skodol, AE, Lave TR, Revising Axis V for DSM-IV: a review of measures of social functioning. Am J Psychiatry 1992;149:1148-56. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.149.9.1148

Shaffer D, Gould MS, Brasic J, Ambrosini P, Fisher P, Bird H, Aluwahlia S. A Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Arch Gen Psychiatry 1983:40; 1228-31. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790100074010

Endicott J, Spitzer R, Fleiss J, Cohen J. The Global Assessment Scale: a procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1976;33:766- 71. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770060086012

Hodges K. Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale. Unpublished manuscript, Vanderbilt Child Mental Health Services Evaluation project, 1990, 1994, 1995.

Hodges K, Bickman L, Kurtz S. Multidimensional measure of level of functioning for children and adolescents. En: Algarin A, Friedman RM, eds, A system of care for children's mental health: Expanding the research base. 1. Tampa, FL: Research and Training Center for Children's Mental Health, University of Florida; 1991. p. 149-54.

Hollingshead AB. Four factor index of social status. Unpublished manuscript, Yale University, Department of Sociology; 1975.

Reich W, Shayka JJ, Taibleson Ch. Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA-R). Unpublished manuscript, Washington University, Division of Child Psychiatry; 1991.

Ezpeleta L, de la Osa N, Doménech JM, Navarro JB, Losilla JM. La Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents- DICA-R: Acuerdo diagnóstico entre niños/adolescentes y sus padres. Rev Psiquiatr Fac Med Barna 1995;22:153-63.

Osa N de la, Ezpeleta L, Doménech E, Navarro JB, Losilla JM. Fiabilidad entre entrevistadores de la Entrevista Diagnóstica Estructurada para Niños y Adolescentes (DICA-R). Psicothema 1996 a ;8:359-68.

Osa N de la, Ezpeleta L, Doménech E, Navarro JB, Losilla JM. Validez convergente y discriminante de la Entrevista Diagnóstica Estructurada DICA-R. Clin Salud 1996b;7:181-94.

Ezpeleta L, Osa N de la, Doménech JM, Navarro JB, Losilla JM. Fiabilidad test-retest de la adaptación española de la Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-DICA-R. Psicothema 1997:9;529-39.

Ezpeleta L, Osa N de la, Júdez J, Doménech JM, Navarro JB, Losilla JM. Diagnostic agreement between clinician and the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adoles cents-DlCA- R in a Spanish outpatient sample. I Child Psychol Psychiatry 1997:38 ;431-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01528.x

Granero R, Ezpeleta L, Doménech JM, de la Osa N. Characteristics of the subjects and interview influencing the test-retest reliability of the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1998;39:963-72. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00399

21. Bird H, Canino G, Rubio-Stipe M, Ribera JC. Further

Measures of the psychometric properties of the Children's Global Assessment Scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987;44:821- 4. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800210069011

Steinhausen HC. Global assessment of child psychopathology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1987;26:203-6. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-198703000-00014

Weisman MM, Warner V, Fendrich M. Applying impairment criteria to children psychiatric diagnosis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1990;29:789-95. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199009000-00019

Green B, Shirk S, Flanze D, Wanstrath J. The Children's Global Assessment Scale in clinical practice: An empirical evaluation. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1994;33: 1158-64. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199410000-00011

Garber J, Zeman J, Walker LS. Recurrent abdominal pain in children: psychiatric diagnoses and parental psychopathology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1990;29:648-56. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199007000-00021

Vandvick IH. Mental Health and psychosocial functioning in children with recent onset of rheumatic disease. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1990;31:961-71. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1990.tb00837.x

Hodges K, Cools J, McKnew D. Test-retest reliability of a clinical research interview for children: The Child Assessment Schedule Psychol Assessment: J Consulting Clin Psychol 1989;1:317-22. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.1.4.317

Roberts RE, Solovitz BL, Chen Y, Casat Ch. Retest stability of DSM-III-R diagnoses among adolescents using the Diagnostic interview Schedule for Children (DISC-2.1C). J Abnorm Child Psychol 1996;24:349-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01441635

Achenbach TM, McConaughy SH, Howell CT. Child/ Adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: implications of cross-informant correlations for situational specificity. Psycholl Bull 1987;101:213-22. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.101.2.213

Seiffge-Krenke I, Kollmar F. Discrepancies between mother's and father's perceptions of son's and daughter's problem behaviour: A longitudinal analysis of parent-adolescent agreement on internalising and externalising problem behaviour. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1998;39:687-97. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021963098002492

Bird FI, Yager T, Staghezza B, Gould M, Canino G, Rubio- Stipec M. Impairment in the epidemiological measurement of childhood psychopathology in the community. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1990;29:796-803. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199009000-00020

Toro J. Enuresis: Causas y tratamiento. Barcelona: Martinez Roca; 1992.

Beidel DC. Social phobia and overanxious disorder in school-age children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1991;30: 545-52. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199107000-00003

Gureje O, Omigbodun OO, Children with mental disorders in primary care: functional status and risk factors. Acta Psychiat Scand 1995:92:310-4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1995.tb09588.x

Steinhausen HC, Erdin A. Correlates of the DSM-III-R Global Assessment of Functioning Scale in patients attending a child and adolescent psychiatric service. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1992;1:105-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02091793

Manassis K, Hood J. Individual and familial predictors of impairment in childhood anxiety disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1998;37:428-34. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199804000-00021