Anorexia and bulimia in a sample of women in the province of Girona: beyond DSM-IV-TR criteria
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Published
2012-03-30
How to Cite
Escrihuela, A. E., Chapur Zartmann, P., & Cornellà i Canals, J. (2012). Anorexia and bulimia in a sample of women in the province of Girona: beyond DSM-IV-TR criteria. Revista De Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil, 29(1), 34–41. Retrieved from https://aepnya.eu/index.php/revistaaepnya/article/view/239
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Section
Orginial article
Keywords:
Anorexia, bulimia, depressed mood, low self-esteem, trend to isolation, panic attacks, irritability, emotional instability, self-imposedAbstract
Background: Anorexia and bulimia are diseases increasingly present in our society. The objectives of this paper are to describe a sample of patients with anorexia or bulimia, including psychological variables (depressed mood, low self-esteem, tendency to isolation, panic attacks, irritability, emotional instability and autoexigency) and explore if there are differences for each of these variables between patients with anorexia or bulimia. Methods: The sample consisted of 411 women diagnosed with anorexia (44.8%) or bulimia (55.’2%) from 2000 until beginning of the year 2011 that were addressed by the Eating Disorders Unit of the Clínica Bofill, in Girona. Results: 90.3% of the sample had depressive symptoms; 89.5% had low self-esteem, 78.1% had a tendency to isolation; the 85.9% had experienced panic attacks, a 95.1% was feeling irritable; the 93.4% felt emotionally unstable and a 77.1% were defined as self- imposed. Women with bulimia have more often than women with anorexia these features, except for irritability and selfimposed, something that anorexics have more often. Conclusions: These variables play an important role in eating disorders, although in bulimia are higher in comparison with in anorexia.
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References
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27. Serfaty MA. Cognitive therapy versus dietary counselling in the outpatient treatment of anorexia nervosa: effects of the treatment phase. Eur Eat Disord Rev 1999; 7: 334–50.
28. Pike KM, Walsh BT, Vitousek K, Wilson GT, Bauer J. Cognitive behavior therapy in the posthospitalization treatment of anorexia nervosa. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 2046–9.
29. Garner DM. Individual psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa. J Psychiatr Res. 1985; 19: 423-33.
30. Hall AY, Crisp AH. Brief psychotherapy in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: Outcome al one year. Br J Psychiatry.1987; 151: 185-191.
31. Treasure J, Schmidt U. Anorexia nervosa. Clin Evid 2002; 7: 824–33.
32. Hay P, Bacaltchuk J, Claudino A, Ben Tovim D, Yong P. Individual psychotherapy in the outpatient treatment of adults with anorexia nervosa. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003; (4): CD003909.
2. Feighner JP, Robins E, Guze SB. Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1972; 26: 57-63.
3. Mateos-Parra A, Solano-Pinto N. Trastornos de la alimentación: anorexia y bulimia nerviosas. Revista electrónica de psicología. 1997; 1 (1). Disponible en versión electrónica: http://www.bibliopsiquis. com/bibliopsiquis/bitstream/10401/1445/1/ psicologiacom_1997_1_1_3.p df
4. American Psychiatric Association. Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales (DSM-III). 3ª Ed. Barcelona: Masson; 1980.
5. American Psychiatric Association. Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales (DSM-III-R). 3ª Ed. Rev. Barcelona: Masson; 1987.
6. American Psychiatric Association. Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales (DSM-IV-TR). 1ª Ed. Rev. Barcelona: Masson; 2009.
7. Attia E, Roberto CA. Should amenorrhea be a diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa? Int J Eat Disord . 2009; 42: 581-9.
8. Gendall K, Joyce P, Carter F, McIntosh V, Jordan J, Bulik C. The psychobiology and diagnostic sig nificance of amenorrhea in patients with anorexia nervosa. Fertil Steril. 2006; 85: 1531-5.
9. Mitchell JE, Cook-Myers T, Wonderlich SA. Diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa: looking ahead to DSM-V. Int J Eat Disord Suppl. 2005; 37: S95-97.
10. Poyastro-Pinheiro A, Thornton LM, Plotonicov KH, Tozzi F, Klump KL, Berrettini WH, et al. Patterns of menstrual disturbance in eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 2007; 40: 424-34.
11. Wilfley DE, Bishop ME, Wilson GT, AgrasWS. Classification of eating disorders: toward DSM-V. Int J Eat Disord Suppl. 2007; 40: S123-129.
12. Braun DL, Sunday SR, Halmi KA. Psychiatric comorbidity in patients with eating disorders. Psychol Med. 1994; 24 (4): 859-867.
13. Santonastaso P, Pantano M, Panarotto L, Silvestri A. A follow-up study on anorexia nervosa: clinical features and diagnostic outcome. European Psychiatry. 1991; 6: 177-185.
14. Halmi KA, Ecker TE, Marchi P, Sampugnaro V, Apple RY, Cohen J. Comorbidity of psychiatric diagnoses in anorexia nervosa. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991; 48: 712-18.
15. Herpertz-Dahlmann BM, Wetzer C, Schultz EY, Remschmidt H. Course and outcome in adolescent anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord . 1996; 19: 335- 344.
16. Bulik CM, Sullivan PF, Carter FA, McIntosh VV, Joyce PR. Predictors of rapid and sustained response to cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 1997; 26: 137-144.
17. Janas-Kozik M, Krzystanek M, Stachowicz M, Krupka-Matuszczyk I, Janas A, Rybakowski JK. Bright light treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with restrictive type of anorexia nervosa. J Affect Disord . 2011; 130 (3): 462-5.
18. Halvorsen I, Andersen A, Heyerdahl S. Girls with anorexia nervosa as young adults: self-reported and parent-reported emotional and behavioural problems compared with siblings. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry . 2005; 14 (7); 397–406.
19. García-Alba C, Germain J. Anorexia and Depression: depressive comorbility in anorexic adolescents. The Spanish Journal of Psychology. 2004; 7 (1): 40-52.
20. Saldaña C. Tratamientos psicológicos eficaces para trastornos del comportamiento alimentario. Psicothema. 2001; 13 (3): 381-392.
21. Abbate-Daga G, Amianto F, Fassino S, Morando S, Sobrero C. Personality development characteristics of women with anorexia nervosa, their healthy siblings and healthy controls: what prevents and what relates to psychopathology? Psychiatry Res. 2011; 187 (3): 401-8.
22. Piran N, Kennedy S, Garfinkel PE, Owens M. Affective disturbance in eating disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1985; 173 (7): 395-400.
23. Schwalberg MD, Barlow DH, Alger SA, Howard LJ. Comparision of bulimics, obese binge eaters, social phobics, and individuals with panic disorder on comorbidity across DSM-III-R Anxiety Disorders. J Abnorm Psychol. 1992; 101 (4): 675-681.
24. Brownell KD. Personal responsibility and control over our health: when expectation exceeds reality. Health Psychol. 1991; 10: 303-10.
25. Vera MN. El cuerpo, ¿culto o tiranía? Psicothema. 1998; 10 (1): 111-25.
26. Bell C, Bulik C, Clayton P, Crow S, Davis DM., DeMaso DR, et al. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with eating disorders (revision). Am J Psychiatry. 2000; 157 (1): 1-39.
27. Serfaty MA. Cognitive therapy versus dietary counselling in the outpatient treatment of anorexia nervosa: effects of the treatment phase. Eur Eat Disord Rev 1999; 7: 334–50.
28. Pike KM, Walsh BT, Vitousek K, Wilson GT, Bauer J. Cognitive behavior therapy in the posthospitalization treatment of anorexia nervosa. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 2046–9.
29. Garner DM. Individual psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa. J Psychiatr Res. 1985; 19: 423-33.
30. Hall AY, Crisp AH. Brief psychotherapy in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: Outcome al one year. Br J Psychiatry.1987; 151: 185-191.
31. Treasure J, Schmidt U. Anorexia nervosa. Clin Evid 2002; 7: 824–33.
32. Hay P, Bacaltchuk J, Claudino A, Ben Tovim D, Yong P. Individual psychotherapy in the outpatient treatment of adults with anorexia nervosa. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003; (4): CD003909.
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