The relationship between Asperger’s Syndrome and autistic disorder. A reflection regarding the nature of mental illnes
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Published
2007-12-01
How to Cite
Adán-Manes, J., & Espliego-Felipe, A. (2007). The relationship between Asperger’s Syndrome and autistic disorder. A reflection regarding the nature of mental illnes. Revista De Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil, 24(2, 3 y 4), 213–223. Retrieved from https://aepnya.eu/index.php/revistaaepnya/article/view/103
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Section
Orginial article
Keywords:
Asperger´ s Syndrome, autism, nosology, construct, external validityAbstract
Asperger´s Syndrome was described over sixty years ago, making reference to a group of patients who showed social and communication abnormalities, as well as restricted and narrow interests. Similar features had been described by Leo Kanner one year before under the name of Child Autism. In this work we will analyze the similarities and differences between both disorders, paying special attention to those features which would allow us to establish an independent nosological entity for Asperger´s Syndrome through its external validity. We will highlight a few methodological difficulties which might have played an important role in the unsuccessful result achieved by this research to the present date. Finally, we shall analyze the inherent features pertaining the nature of psychiatric disorders, considered as mere constructs, and the difficulties derived from their nature when applied to the field of empirical research, paying special attention to the concept of “reification”.
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References
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27. RutterM. Diagnostic validity in child psychiatry.Advances in Biological Psychiatry, 1978; 2: 2-22.
28. Szatmari P, Archer L, Fisman S, Streiner DL, Wilson F. Asperger´s Syndrome and Autism: Differences in behaviour, cognition and adaptative functioning. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1995; 34: 1662-1671.
29. Szatmari P, Bartolucci G, Bremner RS. Asperger´s Syndrome and Autism: Comparison of early history and outcome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1989; 31: 709-720.
30. Szatmari P, Bremner BA, Nagy J.Asperger´s Syndrome:Areview of clinical feartures. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 1989; 34: 554-560.
31. Szatmari P, Tuff L, Finlayson MAJ, Bartolucci G. Asperger´s Syndrome and Autism: Neurocognitive aspects. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1990; 29: 130-136.
32. Volkmar FR, Klin A. Diagnostic issues in Asperger Syndrome. En: Klin A, Volkmar FR y Sparrow SS (Eds.), Asperger Syndrome (pgs. 25-72). Guilford Press. New York, 2000.
33. Volkmar FR, Klin A, Siege B, Szatari P, Lord C, Campbell M et al. DSM-IV Autism/Pervasive Developmental Disorder Field Trial. Am J Psychiatry, 1994; 151: 1361-67.
34. Wing L. Asperger´s Syndrome: a clinical account. Psychological Medicine, 1981; 11: 115-129.
2. Asperger H. Die “Autistischen Psychopathen” im Kindesalter. Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 1944; 117: 76-136.
3. Bailey A, Le Couteur A, Gottesman I, Bolton P, Simonoff E, Yuzda E, Rutter M. Autism as a strongly genetic disorder: Evidence from a British twin study. Psychological Medicine, 1995; 25: 63-77.
4. Baron-Cohen S, Leslie AM, Frith U. Does the autistic child have a “Theory of Mind?” Cognition, 1985; 21: 37-46.
5. Bleuler E. Demencia Precoz. El Grupo de las Esquizofrenias. 2ª Edición. Nueva York: International University Press; 1993.
6. Dahlgren S, Trillingsgaard A. Theory of Mind in non-retarded children with Autism and Asperger´s Syndrome. A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1996; 37: 759-763.
7. Daradkeh TK. Stability of psychiatric diagnoses in clinical practice. Int J Soc Psychiatry, 1996; 42 (3): 207-12.
8. Espliego-Felipe A, Sánchez-Lequerica A, Ramos-Gorostiza P. Sobre el lugar del Síndrome de Ganser en la nosotaxia: Una muestra de la dificultad en la práctica psicopatológica. Psiq Biol, 2005; 12 (6): 246-51.
9. Fine J, Bartolucci G, Ginsberg G, Szatmari P. The use of intonation to comunicate in Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1991; 32: 771-782.
10. Fine J, Bartolucci G, Szatmari P, Ginsberg G. Cohesive discourse in Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1994; 24: 315-329.
11. Folstein S, Santangelo SL. Does Asperger Syndrome aggregate in families? En: Klin A, Volkmar FR, Sparrow SS. Asperger SyndromeNueva York: Guilford Press; 2000. 159-71.
12. Garner C, Callias M, Turk J. Executive function and theory of mind performance of boys with Fragile-X Syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 1999; 43 (6): 466-474.
13. Ghaziuddin M, Butler E, Tsai L Ghaziuddin N. Is clumsiness a marker for Asperger Syndrome? Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 1994; 38: 519-527.
14. Ghaziuddin M, Mountain-Kimchi K. Defining the intelectual profile of Asperger Sundrome: Comparison with high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2004; 34 (3): 279-284.
15. Gillberg C. Clinical and neurobiological aspects of Asperger Syndrome in six family studies. En: Frith U. Autism and Asperger Syndrome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1991. 122-146.
16. Gillberg C. Asperger Syndrome and high-functioning autism. Br J Psychiatry, 1998; 172: 200-209.
17. Hoche A. El significado de los complejos sintomáticos en psiquiatría. En: “Los síntomas de la locura”, Primera Edición. Madrid: Ed. Tracastela, 1999. 19-33.
18. Kanner L. Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 1943; 2: 217-250.
19. Klin A. Asperger Syndrome. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 1994; 3: 131-148.
20. KlinA, Volkmar FR, Sparrow SS, Cicchetti DV, Rourke BP. Validity and neuropsychological charcterization of Asperger Syndrome: convergence with non-verbal learning disabilities syndrome. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1995; 36: 1127-1140.
21. Martín Borreguero P. El Síndrome de Asperger ¿Excentridad o discapacidad social? Primera Edición (2ª reimpresión). Madrid; Alianza Editorial: 2004.
22. Miller JN, Ozonoff S. The external validity of Asperger Disorder: Lack of evidence from the domain of neuropsychology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2000; 2: 227-238.
23. Moretti G, Molteni M, Papetti O, Villani D. Psychopathological disorders in a population of mentally retarded young adults. Disabil Rehabil, 1995; 17 (5): 239-46.
24. Ozonoff S, Rogers S, Pennington B. Asperger´s Syndrome: Evidence of an empirical distinction from high-functioningAutism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1991; 32: 1107-1122.
25. Ozonoff S, South M, Miller J. DSM-IV defined Asperger Syndrome: cognitive, behavioural and early history differentiation from high-functioning autism. Autism, 2000; 4: 29-46.
26. Pennington BF, Ozonoff S. Executive functions and developmental psychopathologies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1996; 37: 51-87.
27. RutterM. Diagnostic validity in child psychiatry.Advances in Biological Psychiatry, 1978; 2: 2-22.
28. Szatmari P, Archer L, Fisman S, Streiner DL, Wilson F. Asperger´s Syndrome and Autism: Differences in behaviour, cognition and adaptative functioning. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1995; 34: 1662-1671.
29. Szatmari P, Bartolucci G, Bremner RS. Asperger´s Syndrome and Autism: Comparison of early history and outcome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1989; 31: 709-720.
30. Szatmari P, Bremner BA, Nagy J.Asperger´s Syndrome:Areview of clinical feartures. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 1989; 34: 554-560.
31. Szatmari P, Tuff L, Finlayson MAJ, Bartolucci G. Asperger´s Syndrome and Autism: Neurocognitive aspects. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 1990; 29: 130-136.
32. Volkmar FR, Klin A. Diagnostic issues in Asperger Syndrome. En: Klin A, Volkmar FR y Sparrow SS (Eds.), Asperger Syndrome (pgs. 25-72). Guilford Press. New York, 2000.
33. Volkmar FR, Klin A, Siege B, Szatari P, Lord C, Campbell M et al. DSM-IV Autism/Pervasive Developmental Disorder Field Trial. Am J Psychiatry, 1994; 151: 1361-67.
34. Wing L. Asperger´s Syndrome: a clinical account. Psychological Medicine, 1981; 11: 115-129.
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