Nuevos antipsicóticos en Psicosis y trastornos profundos del desarrollo
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Desde el descubrimiento de la clorpromacina en los afios cincuenta, el uso de los antipsicóticos está muy extendido. La experiencia el ínica es amplia ya que se han usado en gran cantidad de pacientes durante periodos de tiempo, a veces, muy prolongados (años o décadas). Sin embargo, su uso en ciertos trastornos psiquiátricos es empírico sin que existan estudios rigurosos sobre su indicación ( en monoterapia o politerapia), dosis, etc. Hay patologías, como el retraso mental, en las que se han usado sólo como tranquilizantes inespecíficos para controlar ciertas conductas del paciente definidas por el entorno como problemáticas ( con un alto grado de subjetividad a este respecto). Tampoco se ha valorado, en la mayoría de casos, cuáles eran los síntomas diana, su gravedad basal y su evolución durante el tratamiento. También son escasos los estudios que incluyan valoraciones de efectos adversos usando instrumentos de medida y escalas homologadas.
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