Eficacia y seguridad de aripiprazol en el tratamiento de niños y adolescentes con trastornos psiquiátricos
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2012-09-30
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Fraguas, D., & Moreno, C. (2012). Eficacia y seguridad de aripiprazol en el tratamiento de niños y adolescentes con trastornos psiquiátricos. Revista De Psiquiatría Infanto-Juvenil, 29(3), 18–38. Recuperado a partir de https://www.aepnya.eu/index.php/revistaaepnya/article/view/221
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Artículo de revisión
Palabras clave:
Aripiprazol, niños y adolescentes, pediatría, eficacia, seguridad, tolerabilidadResumen
Objetivo. Revisar los datos disponibles sobre la eficacia y la seguridad de aripiprazol (APZ) en el tratamiento de trastornos mentales en niños y adolescentes. Metodología. Revisión de la literatura de todos los artículos publicados en inglés o castellano en PubMed y Google Scholar hasta mayo de 2012 sobre eficacia y la seguridad de APZ en niños y adolescentes. Resultados. El APZ ha demostrado eficacia en el tratamiento de la esquizofrenia, el trastorno bipolar y las alteraciones del comportamiento asociadas al trastorno del espectro autista. Asimismo, hay datos que sugieren eficacia del APZ en el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, trastornos por tics, trastorno obsesivocompulsivo, trastorno de conducta y otros trastornos, como trastorno delirante o trastorno por estrés postraumático. APZ tiene un perfil de seguridad favorable, con menos aumento de peso que otros antipsicóticos (NNH para aumento de peso igual o mayor de 7%: olanzapina 3, risperidona 6, quetiapina 9, y APZ 12), mínimos efectos cardiometabólicos y ausencia de aumento de prolactina. El principal efecto secundario descrito es la acatisia. Conclusiones. En el conjunto de los antipsicóticos, el APZ es un fármaco eficaz y seguro, con un perfil de tolerabilidad muy favorable. Sin embargo, los datos disponibles en niños y adolescentes son todavía escasos y son necesarios más ensayos clínicos controlados en esta población.
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